Israeli archaeologists have unveiled a remarkable find: a 6,000-year-old vessel crafted from elephant ivory, meticulously reconstructed after millennia of being preserved within a basalt stone container. Discovered in 2020 during infrastructure work near Beersheba at Horvat Raqiq, an archaeological site in southern Israel, this rare artifact sheds light on the Chalcolithic period, an era marked by cultural advancements and expanded trade networks.

Dating back to 4500-3500 BC, the Chalcolithic period bridged the gap between the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, witnessing the emergence of copper smelting and flourishing cultural exchanges. This particular vessel, identified as an amphoriskos—a small jar—is the first of its kind found in Israel from this period, hinting at connections with Egypt through trade or local craftsmanship utilizing imported ivory.

The vessel’s discovery offers insights into the skilled artisans of the region, adept in ivory manipulation and versed in elephant anatomy. Found within a basalt container arranged in a nested fashion, the shattered ivory vessel was ritually interred, indicative of ceremonial practices common in antiquity.

Measuring 20 centimeters across and adorned with symmetrical side handles, the vessel’s design exemplifies craftsmanship of the highest order. Its restoration, a collaborative effort involving the Israel Antiquities Authority, Hebrew University of Jerusalem experts, and ivory conservation specialist Olga Negnevitsky, showcases the dedication to preserving and understanding our ancient heritage.

This extraordinary artifact will be unveiled to the public at the annual Israel Prehistoric Society conference in Jerusalem, alongside other recent prehistoric discoveries, offering a glimpse into the rich tapestry of humanity’s past.